Which term best matches the following definition: A metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose and insufficient insulin?

• A. Diabetes Mellitus
• B. Emphysema
• C. Endocarditis
• D. Epilepsy

Answer: (A)

Understanding disorders tied to how the body regulates blood sugar. A metabolic disorder with high blood glucose caused by insufficient insulin describes diabetes mellitus, a condition where the body's ability to produce or use insulin is impaired, leaving glucose elevated in the bloodstream. This disruption in insulin and glucose control is what leads to the high blood sugar characteristic of the condition. Emphysema affects the lungs, endocarditis is an infection of the heart’s inner lining, and epilepsy is a neurological disorder involving seizures. Because diabetes mellitus centers on regulating glucose and insulin, it best fits the definition.